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Publications

Official State Economic and Revenue Forecast, January 2006 for the State of Vermont

A slower U.S economic recovery than forecast last July will temper revenue growth over the next two fiscal years. Multiple economic headwinds that developed in 2011 have yet to fully subside, as the European debt crisis continues to fester, oil prices again top $100 per barrel, and domestic political gridlock precludes federal fiscal and other policy measures that could accelerate the recovery. Although the Vermont economy continues to outperform the U.S. as a whole, minor revenue downgrades in all three major State funds are recommended relative to prior July 2011 projections.

FY12 revenues to date have performed very close to projections, with total revenues across all three funds closing the second quarter of the fiscal year within 0.5% of targets. Mounting Corporate refunds, higher gas prices, a tepid start to the winter tourism season and slower projected macroeconomic growth, however, will result in $1.8 million less in FY12 and $9.3 million less in FY13 General Fund revenues, and reductions of $0.3 million in FY12 and $0.8 million in FY13 in both the Transportation and Education Funds, relative to prior July 2011 forecasts.

Automotive Competitiveness Study for the National Institute of Standards and Technology

We assess the impact on demand and producers’ costs of a new technology implemented in the US auto industry, the 2 mm program. This is a fascinating case partially because of the unique collaboration among public agencies and a consortium of manufacturers and universities. Using a type of hedonic price model for demand, we show that the new technology was responsible for a short-lived increase in demand for vehicles produced by US automakers at increased producers’ costs. Firms that refused to participate in the consortium attained smaller net gains implementing the technology independently. Overall, our approach differs from that of previous analysts in that we (1) separate demand from supply, (2) employ a comprehensive vehicle database, spanning 1981–1998 data, including data on virtually all vehicle models sold in the USA, as well as data on plants’ and producers’ technology characteristics, and (3) rely on sales and production data rather than plant data. Also, we quantify the cost of not participating in the consortium.